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What is a cross-connection? |
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A: A cross-connection is any temporary or permanent connection between a public water system or consumer's portable (i.e., drinking) water system and any source or system containing non-potable water or other substances through which backflow may occur. An example is the piping between a public water system or consumer’s potable water system and a heating or cooling system, fire system or irrigation system etc.. |
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A: Backflow is the undesirable reversal of flow of nonpotable water or other substances through a unprotected cross-connection and into the piping of a public water system or consumer’s potable water system. Theere are tow cause of backflow are back-siphonage and backpressure. |
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What is back-siphonage and its causes? |
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A: Back-siphonage is the reversal of normal flow in a system caused by a negative or reduced pressure (vacuum or partial vacuum) in the supply piping. Back-siphonage can be created when there is an interruption of the water supply due to nearby fire-fighting, repairs or breaks in the water supply mains, etc. |
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What is backpressure backflow? |
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A: Backpressure is the reversal of normal flow in a system due to pressure higher than the supply pressure. Backpressure can result from an increase in downstream pressure caused by pumps, temperature increase in boilers, elevated tanks or other pressure producing systems etc. |
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What is a cross connection control? |
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A: A cross connection control device is a mechanical device that prohibits backflow of water into the public drinking water. The principal types of cross connection control devices are the reduced-pressure principle assembly, the pressure vacuum breaker assembly, and the double check valve assembly. Examples of a secondary type of device are hose connection vacuum breakers and residential dual check valves. |
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